Gum disease is the main cause of adult tooth loss. Infection of the gums, called gum disease or periodontal disease, can lead to deterioration of gums and jawbone, which are supporting structures for teeth. Eventually, the bone surrounding teeth will erode, then teeth loosen and fall out of the mouth. Teeth may also be missing due to congenital defects, injuries, or disease.
Missing teeth are a cosmetic issue and can also compromise oral health and function. Chewing, speaking, and self-confidence are negatively impacted by lost teeth. When remaining teeth drift into the spaces left by missing teeth, the way upper and lower teeth fit together is disrupted. This can lead to TMJ disorder, bruxism, and further tooth loss. In addition, missing teeth lead to osteoporosis of the jaw.
Also called crown and bridge, a dental bridge replaces one tooth or a few missing teeth in a row. A bridge is fixed, meaning it cannot be removed by the patient. Bridges are composed of one or more solid replacement teeth held in place between crowns.
A partial denture replaces a few teeth on one arch. Multiple partials may be worn at one time. While a bridge replaces teeth in a row, a partial can replace teeth spread across an arch. In most cases, partials clip onto natural, healthy teeth with metal or plastic clasps.
Edentulous patients, those with no teeth, or those who require removal of all teeth, can benefit greatly from full dentures. On the upper or lower arch, full dentures replace all teeth. They may be secured on the top arch by natural suction or on either arch with denture adhesive. Dentures require special daily care and maintenance, as well as relining when they no longer fit properly.
Surgically secured in the jaw, dental implants solidly anchor a single replacement crown, bridge, partial, or full denture to replace missing teeth. With good oral health, dental implants can last a lifetime.
Whether you prefer a removable dental prosthetic or a fixed device, replacing your missing teeth will improve your appearance, oral health, and overall health.